ʻO Peony kekahi o nā pua kaulana ʻeono o koʻu ʻāina kahiko. ʻO ka "nui" i ka ʻōlelo "Ma waena o nā haneli o nā pua, ʻo kona inoa ka mea kahiko loa" pili i ka peony. Ua hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia ka inoa "peony" ma "Shennong Bencao Jing" (Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica) i ka wā o nā aliʻi aliʻi o Qin a me Han. Ma muli o kona hiʻohiʻona nani a me kona waihoʻoluʻu, he homophonic me ke ʻano Kina "婥約" (婥約), e wehewehe ana i ka helehelena nani, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo "shaoyao." Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "jiangli," "moguhua," a me "lanweichun."
Ua kākau ʻo Cui Bao o ka moʻokūʻauhau Jin ma kāna "Gujin Zhu" (Notes on Ancient and Modern Times): "ʻElua ʻano peony: herbaceous peony a me wood peony. ʻO ka peony lāʻau he mau pua nui, ʻeleʻele -ʻeleʻele a kapa ʻia ka peony." Ua ʻōlelo pū ka mōʻī Tang i ka peony ma ke ʻano he "wood peony." No laila, ʻike ʻia ka peony a me ka peony ʻo "nā pua nani ʻelua." ʻOkoʻa ko lākou ʻano pua, ʻokoʻa ko lākou ʻano lau a me ka lāʻau. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Li Shizhen i kekahi manawa, "Ma waena o nā pua āpau, ʻo ka peony ka mua a ʻo ka peony ka lua. Ua hoʻokumu kēia i ke kūlana o ka peony ma ke ʻano he kuhina o nā pua. ʻO ka peony kahi lau nahele me nā pua nui i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ka poʻe me ka liʻiliʻi o nā petals, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻano hoʻokahi, lotus, chrysanthemum, a me nā ʻano rose, aʻo ka poʻe me nā petals ʻoi aku ka terraced, laurel, apo gula, lei aliʻi, a me nā ʻano hydrangea. Hiki i ke ʻano o nā ʻano pua ke ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻumi. ʻO nā pua keʻokeʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, melemele, ʻulaʻula, lavender, poni-ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, a me nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka poni-ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula ka waihoʻoluʻu nui. Hoʻomaka ka peonies mai Mei a Iune, i ka hopena o ka pūnāwai. No ka mea ua hoʻohana ʻia nā pua peony i ka wā kahiko e ʻike ai i ka huaʻōlelo solar Qingming a me Lixia, ʻōlelo ka poʻe "E ʻimi i nā peonies ʻekolu lā ma hope o ka laha ʻana o ka Lixia".
He kanaka maoli ka peonies i koʻu ʻāina a me ka ʻĀkau ʻĀsia. He mea hoʻomanawanui -a anu a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, a ua mahi ʻia e like me nā mea kanu nani. Ua hoʻomaka mua lākou i nā peonies lāʻau, e pili ana i nā makahiki 4,000. ʻOiai ʻo ia ka ʻāina me nā ʻano like ʻole a me ke ʻano o Paeonia, ʻo koʻu ʻāina ka helu o kahi-kolu o nā ʻano Paeonia o ka honua. No laila, ʻo koʻu ʻāina kahi kikowaena hoʻolaha no nā ʻano peony hihiu a me kahi kikowaena mahiʻai no nā ʻano peony.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kumu o ka mahi ʻana i ka peony i ka Xia Dynasty. I ka wā o ka Wei, Jin, a me ka Hema a me ka ʻĀkau, ua hoʻomaka koʻu ʻāina e hoʻolauna a hānai i nā peonies hihiu. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo "The Jin Palace Pavilion": "Ua kapa ʻia ka Hale Aliʻi ʻo Jin ʻo Huizhang, a ua kanu ʻia nā moena peonies ʻeono i mua o ke keʻena." Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā peonies no nā mea hoʻonaninani ma ka hale aliʻi. I ka wā o Sui a me Tang Dynasties, ua kaulana nā peonies, me ka ulu nui ʻana o ka mahiʻai. Ua hoʻomaka lākou e ʻike ʻia i loko o nā hale maʻamau, a ua hoʻomaka ka puka ʻana o nā mele i hoʻolaʻa ʻia iā lākou. Heluhelu ʻia ka mele a Meng Jiao "Nānā Pua": "He peonies kēlā me kēia hale, no laila ʻoluʻolu a palupalu." Ma ka Song Dynasty, ua hoʻomau ʻia ka puka ʻana mai o nā ʻano peony hou no ka mahi ʻana i ka horticultural. Hoʻopaʻa ʻo Wang Guan "Yangzhou Peony Catalogue" i ʻewalu mau ʻano hou, me "Yuyi Huang," "Yanghua Guanzi," a me "Yuanhuang Guanzi." I ka wā o ka Ming a me Qing dynasties, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia nā peonies. ʻO ka mele a Liu Kai "Nānā ʻana i nā Peonies ma ka Hikina o ke kūlanakauhale" penei: "Ma waho o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Xiaohuang, pua nā peonies, a ʻike ʻia ka ʻulaʻula o ke kakahiaka i kēlā me kēia ʻelima a ʻumi paha mile. Kū nā hale ma mua a ma hope o nā pua, a mahi ʻia kēlā me kēia hale e like me nā lāʻau mulberry a me ka hemp." He mea kaulana loa nā peonies. I kēia manawa, ʻo kā lākou mau wahi mahi mua ma koʻu ʻāina ʻo Kina ʻĀkau, Shaanxi, a me Gansu hema, a ua mahi nui ʻia lākou ma nā ʻāina ʻoi aku ma mua o 50, me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Palani, Netherlands, a me Iapana.
ʻOiai maʻalahi ka ulu a mālama ʻana, loaʻa i nā peonies nā ʻiʻo, nā aʻa paʻa i hiki ke hoʻopili i ka wai. He kūpono nā paepae hoʻokiʻekiʻe no ke kanu ʻana i nā wahi me ka wai paʻakikī a i ʻole ka ua nui.
Ulu ka peonies ma nā pūʻulu a ua kūpono -no ke kanu ʻana ma nā ʻāpana nui, e hana ana i nā "kai pua." I loko o nā kīhāpai, hiki ke hui pū ʻia nā peonies me nā pōhaku no ka hopena ʻoi aku ka nani. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā peonies e like me nā pua i ʻoki ʻia i ka male ʻana. Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻōlelo mua loa o kēia mea kanu ma ka ʻāpana "Zhengfeng" o ka "Book of Songs": "ʻO ke kāne a me ka wahine, hāʻawi ʻakaʻaka kekahi i kekahi peonies." Ua lilo ʻo Peony i makana ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine i ka wā o ka launa pū ʻana a me ka wā hoʻokaʻawale, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻohiki o ke aloha a i ʻole ke aloha aloha. No laila, ʻike ʻia ka peony ʻo "Jiangli," "Keli," "Heli," a me "Licao," a he hōʻailona ia o ke aloha i koʻu ʻāina mai ka wā kahiko.
Hōʻike kēia ʻo ka peony kahi mea kanu koʻikoʻi nui, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻāina maikaʻi loa a me nā pōmaikaʻi kaiaola i nā māla kūikawā, ka hoʻolālā ʻāina o ke kūlanakauhale, nā mea kanu i loko o ka ipuhao, nā pua ʻokiʻoki, a me nā māla a me nā noi horticultural.
ʻO ka peony kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau Kina maʻamau, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka "Shennong Bencao Jing" a me ka "Shanghan Zabing Lun." Hōʻike ka noiʻi pharmacological hou i ka peony i ka nui o nā mea kemika, me nā terpenes, glycosides, tannins, polysaccharides, a me nā alkaloids, e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai antibacterial a me antidepressant. He mea maikaʻi hoʻi ia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka pale ʻana, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana e like me ka palpitations a me ka hānō. No laila, ua hoʻoili ʻia ka huaʻōlelo kahiko "akua pua" no ka peony a hiki i kēia lā, a aia ke kumu o kēia.
